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Web Exclusives
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Minimizing White Rust in Galvanized Cooling Towers
Galvanized coatings for cooling tower systems have been used in industry since the 1950s. The galvanizing process binds a layer of zinc metal to steel. When properly applied and passivated, the zinc coating works as a nonpermeable sacrificial anode to prevent corrosion of the underlying steel structure.
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 | HDPE Fusion
Infrared fusion, conventional butt fusion and electrofusion provide consistent and repeatable fusion joints for HDPE piping.
by Michael Beutler, GF Piping Systems
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A System-Based Solution
Remote cooling can provide many advantages over local packaged air conditioners for control enclosures installed in process environments.
by Howard Kielar, Pfannenberg Inc.
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More About Chillers for Low-Lift Conditions
Open-drive centrifugal chillers are able to use an oil-management system that can make oil loss a relatively minor issue at low-lift conditions. Learn more about oil-management systems, as well as compressor aerodynamics.
by Daniel A. Aja, Johnson Controls Inc., Engineered Systems
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Common LN2 Applications
Bottlers of noncarbonated soft drinks, juices,
water, wine and beer many times use LN2 injection
equipment to insert small measured drops of LN2 into
their containers.
by Phil Redenbarger and Chris Hebb, Technifab Products Inc.
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A Brief History of LN2 Injection
One of the earliest applications of liquid nitrogen dosing systems for pressurizing containers was developed by Reynolds Metal Company in 1982.
by Phil Redenbarger and Chris Hebb, Technifab Products Inc.
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 | Ultra-Low Temperature Tuna Storage
A seafood distribution center in Toronto needed an ultra-low-temperature storage facility for imported tuna.
by J.D. Wasir, P.E., KoolJet Inc.
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R134a and Screw Compressors
In the U.S., R22 refrigerant will no longer be permitted in new installations beginning in January 2010.
by Dave Streby, Bitzer U.S. Inc.
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 | Another Challenge: Concrete Cooling
I cannot keep my concrete within its thermal specs using cold water or ice as a cooling agent. Even worse, the melted ice or water affects the slump and air content of the concrete. Can liquid be used instead, and is it cost effective?
by Richard A. Sauer, Air Liquide Industrial U.S. LP
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 | Deciphering Panel Temperature Increases
Without some form of cooling, problems or even complete failures will
occur due to heat buildup within enclosures if the heat load is beyond
the ability of the cabinet’s natural convection cooling to dissipate.
The chart shows various panel temperature rises above ambient
temperature due to watts of wasted heat load, and the various BTU/hr
cooling results.
by Doug Wilson, Noren Products Inc.
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What's That Chiller Worth?
When considering the cost of a chiller, step back and consider what
that chiller is worth to the bottom line. The answer can be more than
you think if it’s a production process that incorporates a chiller as a
critical component.
by Mark Diener, Julabo
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Pumping Facts
Centrifugal pumps should be selected and normally operated at or near
the manufacturer’s design rated conditions of head and flow. This is
usually at the best efficiency point (BEP).
by Engineering Staff, Peerless Pump
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 | Fluid Options for Low Temperatures
Many low-temperature cooling processes below 32°F (0°C)
traditionally have used ethylene glycol-based water mixtures.
by David Arcury and Satish Mohapatra, Dynalene Inc.
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 | Typical Applications
Infrared thermometers can be used in food cooling
applications ranging from candy manufacturing to ensuring the right temperature
of frozen peas and baked goods.
by Vern Lappe, Ircon/Raytek Corp.
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 | Consultant: 'A Money-Saving Technology'
Campbell Technical Services Inc. has provided project
consulting, instrumentation, controls and client project management services
for 15 years. Within the last five years, the company has increasingly begun
using infrared sensors for food freezing applications.
by Vern Lappe, Ircon/Raytek Corp.
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 | The Vortex Tube Approach
With no moving parts, a vortex tube cooling system
spins compressed air into a vortex where hot and cold airstreams are separated
at rotational speeds of up to 1 million rpm.
by Steve Broerman
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Safer Defrost
In addition to increasing efficiency, Stellar’s design
focused on maximizing safety.
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Glossary of Terms
Speak the lingo effectively. Learn more about
enthalpy, subcooling, superheat and other refrigeration terms.
by Lindsay Harry, Heatcraft Refrigeration Products LLC
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 | A Cool Piping Solution for Dogfish Head
Dogfish Head brews, bottles and kegs most of its beer in its Milton, Del., brewery. When the company first moved its entire production brewery into a converted cannery in 2002, there weren't many options for refrigerant piping. The plant originally opted for schedule 40 PVC in its main refrigerant lines, but the PVC couldn't handle the 26°F (-3°C) glycol refrigerant without cracking and breaking.
by Dan Stromberg, Georg Fischer Piping Systems
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Advanced Controls for Greater Energy Savings
Besides implementing LLH systems, another way to save
energy is to implement new and advanced control strategies. Here are five
strategies that are delivering results for industrial process cooling
operations.
by Gene Smithart, Trane
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