LIN can produce severe tissue burns, so cryogenic systems must be insulated properly. When heated, LIN will expand to more than 600 times its original volume. Piping delivery systems therefore should be validated by a cryogenic specialist prior to design and commissioning.
Nitrogen gas is a simple asphyxiant, and adequate ventilation must be provided to prevent the ambient oxygen concentration from reaching dangerously low levels. However, unlike many other refrigerant chemicals, nitrogen is nontoxic and is not a greenhouse gas and therefore can be vented into the atmosphere with no negative consequences. This capability makes post-process handling relatively straightforward since no provisions for recovery of the nitrogen are required. The gas simply can be vented to a safe location.
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